• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Electromechanical actuator and set of electromechanical actuators. Electromechanical actuator comprising: permanent magnets (130a, 130b, 230a, 230b, 330aa, 330ab, 330ba, 330bb, 430aa, 430ab, 430ba, 430bb, 530), arranged in a matrix, a cylinder, a Halbach sphere, a circumference with radially oriented magnetic polarities or a combination of these and generating a magnetic field (190, 290, 390, 490, 590); at least one electrical conductor (100, 200a, 200b, 300, 400, 500), disposed within the magnetic field and through which electric current flows; electrical connections (120a, 120b, 220aa, 220ab, 220ba, 220bb, 320a, 320b, 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, 520e, 520f) elastic or mobile; and at least one actuator element (150, 250a, 250b, 350, 450a, 450b, 450c, 450d, 550) attached to at least one electrical conductor. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2696226A1
    申请号:ES201830581
    申请日:2018-06-14
    公开日:2019-01-14
    发明作者:Martin Alvaro Gutierrez；Nebot Daniel Galera
    申请人:Universidad Politecnica de Madrid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] ELECTROMECHANICAL ACTUATOR AND SET OF ELECTROMECHANICAL ACTUATORS
    [0002]
    [0003] Object and technical sector of the invention
    [0004] The invention is framed in the field of electromechanical actuators, more specifically in those that use permanent magnets as a source of magnetic field to produce a Lorentz force.
    [0005]
    [0006] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0007] Currently there are electromechanical actuators based on the use of coils or turns that generate magnetic fields from which torque or force is produced. This is the case of electric motors of direct or alternating current, for example induction or homopolar, solenoids or servomotors.
    [0008]
    [0009] The electric energy in these actuators is reversed in generating a magnetic field that produces a magnetic force, which is one of the terms of the so-called "Lorentz force" (that is, the sum of the force to which a load is subjected). in motion by the action of an external magnetic field, plus the force due to the electric field) on any electric current that runs inside that magnetic field, or to generate an electric current that, affected by an external magnetic field, is seen subjected to the Lorentz force created by said external magnetic field, both mechanisms are currently used in the industry, and those based directly on the Lorentz force can produce the external magnetic field by means of coils or coils that also feed electrically. energy expenditure that could be avoided if the source of the magnetic fields were a permanent magnet.
    [0010]
    [0011] In patent documents US 5847474 A is specified an electromechanical actuator without coils, provided with sliding electrical contacts that makes use of the Lorentz force. However, the use of said sliding electrical contacts can produce electric arcs and frictions that deteriorate the contact and produce only linear movements. In said electromechanical actuators according to patent US 5847474, the electrical connection is only produced by means of solid elements, such as the sliding electrical contacts, without any matter whose state is liquid, gas or plasma is used to transmit an electric current.
    [0012] It would be interesting to design an electromechanical actuator without coils, which would not only produce linear movements and make use of the Lorentz force. This would reduce the electrical consumption of the actuator and expand the field of application by not reducing only linear movements.
    [0013]
    [0014] General description of the invention
    [0015] In this text, the term "comprises" and its derivations (such as "understanding", etc.) should not be understood in an excluding sense, that is, these terms should not be interpreted as excluding the possibility that what is described and defined can include more elements, stages, etc.
    [0016]
    [0017] The present invention aims to overcome or reduce the problems and disadvantages of the prior art, mentioned above. More particularly, a first object of the present invention relates to an electromechanical actuator comprising:
    [0018]
    [0019] - magnetic means that generate a magnetic field and that are provided with magnetic polarities with a predetermined spatial arrangement; - at least one electrical conductor, through which an electric current flows and which is arranged inside the magnetic field,
    [0020] - elastic or mobile electrical connections, connected, at least, to an electrical conductor;
    [0021] - at least one actuator element connected to at least one electrical conductor;
    [0022]
    [0023] characterized in that the magnetic means are permanent magnets which are arranged to form at least one Halbach matrix, at least one Halbach cylinder, at least one Halbach sphere, at least one circumference with radially oriented magnetic polarities or a combination thereof.
    [0024]
    [0025] In a Halbach matrix the magnetic polarities of the magnets forming said matrix are arranged in a rotary fashion, that is, the polarity of a magnet will have a smaller angle than the previous one and greater than the subsequent one. In a Halbach cylinder such magnets are arranged forming a circumference and the rotation of the polarity is, in total, 720 °. A sphere of Halbach is formed by the revolution of a Halbach cylinder with axis of revolution one of its diameters.
    [0026]
    [0027] In the electromechanical actuators according to the invention, the electrical conductor or, where applicable, the electrical conductors are disposed within the magnetic field created by the permanent magnets. This causes that said conductor (or, in its case, each one of said conductors), is subjected to a force of Lorentz, whose direction is perpendicular to the lines of magnetic field, as well as to the direction of the electric current that circulates by said driver (or, where appropriate, drivers).
    [0028]
    [0029] Likewise, in the devices according to the present invention, the permanent magnets are arranged forming matrices, cylinders, Halbach spheres and / or circumferences with the radially oriented magnetic polarity. This allows the vector components of the magnetic field to be constant in certain vector coordinates, whether these are cartesian, cylindrical or spherical coordinates.
    [0030]
    [0031] By defining the direction of the magnetic field lines in the electromechanical actuators according to the invention, it is possible to define, in turn, the direction of the Lorentz force to which the electric conductor is subjected or alternatively, the Lorentz force to which is subjected to each of the electrical conductors arranged inside the magnetic field.
    [0032]
    [0033] The electromechanical actuators according to the present invention are provided with at least one actuating element, intended to transmit to the outside of the device, the movement experienced by the conductor, or in its case, the electrical conductors to which said actuator element is attached.
    [0034]
    [0035] Thus, the movement of the conductor (or in its case, of the conductors) can be, without limitation, in a trajectory contained in a circumference, in a trajectory contained in a straight line, in trajectories contained in a same plane, in contained trajectories in a volume or vibratory. These movements are transmitted to the actuating element (or in its case, to the actuating elements) producing trajectories contained in a circumference, a straight line, a plane, a volume or contractive movements, or vibratory according to the electric currents. It is also contemplated in the invention that the electromechanical actuator maintains one or several positions in the space, either of the inner conductor or any element attached to it either, but not only, in opposition to a force, generating or relieving a tension or compressing or decompressing some external element. As well as its use to cushion or slow down a movement, but not only, vibrating or in any direction of space.
    [0036]
    [0037] The configuration described above allows that in the electromechanical actuators according to the present invention, a linear movement in any direction, such as circular or vibratory, as well as opposing other external forces to the actuator or maintaining equilibrium positions depending on the direction of the electric current and the magnetic field.
    [0038]
    [0039] The constant magnetic fields in a Cartesian coordinate are produced by cylinders and Halbach spheres, in which the permanent magnets are placed, in one embodiment of the invention, spatially forming 360-degree circumferences in which the magnetic field orientation of the magnets varies from 0 to 720 degrees. To generate constant fields in cylindrical or spherical coordinates the permanent magnets are placed spatially, in one embodiment of the invention, forming a 360 degree circumference in which the orientation of the magnetic fields of the permanent magnets varies from 0 to 360 degrees.
    [0040]
    [0041] It is relevant to indicate that currents flowing through the conductor also generate magnetic fields that can improve the operation of the actuator. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the electromechanical actuator is cooled by means of a cooling fluid, be it a gas, plasma or a liquid.
    [0042]
    [0043] In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the electrical connections comprise conductive fluids or elastic solids, through which electric current flows to reach the conductor (s). This facilitates the movement of the driver (or, where appropriate, the drivers) when they are subjected to Lorentz forces.
    [0044]
    [0045] The conductive fluids can be liquid metals or liquid solutions, gases or plasmas, optionally arranged inside a watertight compartment.
    [0046] The electromechanical actuator also guarantees, by the electrical connections through fluids or elastic solids, that the conductor can directly move another element joined to the conductor without mechanically affecting the movement of the electrical connections at some point of these.
    [0047]
    [0048] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuator is encapsulated by a housing provided with one or several openings, through which there is an actuating element connected to a conductor from the interior of the encapsulation that transmits the movement of the conductor to the exterior. In addition, the option of amplifying the intensity of the magnetic field through ferromagnetic parts is shown.
    [0049]
    [0050] In the invention it is contemplated that the electric current may, but not only, be totally or partially produced by thermal noise, also known as Johnson-Nyquist noise.
    [0051]
    [0052] In another embodiment of the invention, the electromechanical actuator is provided with at least one actuator element attached to a diaphragm. In this way the movement of the actuating element is transmitted to said diaphragm, producing mechanical or acoustic waves.
    [0053]
    [0054] In this document, the use of both a single electromechanical actuator and a product formed by the union of several individual electromechanical actuators is contemplated. In fact, a second object of the invention refers to a set of electromechanical actuators comprising two or more actuators, according to the first aspect of the invention, joined together.
    [0055]
    [0056] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the set of electromechanical actuators comprises two or more actuators joined in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner with each other.
    [0057]
    [0058] Brief description of the figures
    [0059] In order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention in accordance with examples of practical realization thereof, and to complement this description, the following figures, whose character is illustrative and not limitative, are included as an integral part thereof. :
    [0060] Figure 1 shows in elevation view a first electromechanical actuator, according to the present invention, with a single conductor that can realize trajectories contained in a straight line and the magnetic field lines are oriented in a Cartesian vector component.
    [0061]
    [0062] Figure 2 is the same actuator of Figure 1 in profile view.
    [0063]
    [0064] Figure 3 shows in elevation view a second electromechanical actuator, according to the present invention, with two conductors that can realize trajectories contained in a straight line and the magnetic field lines are contained in a Cartesian vector component.
    [0065]
    [0066] Figure 4 shows the same actuator of figure 3 in rear view.
    [0067]
    [0068] Figure 5 shows the same actuator of figure 3 in profile view.
    [0069]
    [0070] Figure 6 shows in elevation view a third electromechanical actuator, according to the present invention, with a conductor that can realize trajectories contained in a circumference and the field lines are oriented in a radial vector component.
    [0071]
    [0072] Figure 7 shows the same actuator of figure 6 in right profile view.
    [0073]
    [0074] Figure 8 shows the same actuator of figure 6 in left profile view.
    [0075]
    [0076] Figure 9 shows in elevation view a fourth electromechanical actuator, according to the present invention, with a conductor that can perform trajectories contained in a plane and the magnetic field lines are oriented in a Cartesian vector component.
    [0077]
    [0078] Figure 10 shows the same actuator of figure 9 in profile view.
    [0079]
    [0080] Figure 11 shows the same actuator of figure 9 in plan view.
    [0081] Figure 12 shows in elevation view of a fifth electromechanical actuator, according to the present invention, with a conductor that can perform trajectories contained in a volume and the magnetic field lines are oriented in a Cartesian vector component.
    [0082]
    [0083] Figure 13 shows the same actuator of figure 12 in rear view.
    [0084]
    [0085] Figure 14 shows a set of actuators according to the invention, formed by two actuators like those of figure 1, in which the element joined to the driver of each one is also attached to the outside of the other actuator.
    [0086]
    [0087] Figure 15 shows the actuator of figure 1, in which the actuator element joined to the conductor, is in turn connected to a diaphragm that allows to produce mechanical waves by means of the movement of the conductor.
    [0088]
    [0089] Figure 16 shows a set of actuators according to the invention, formed by three actuators joined in series.
    [0090]
    [0091] Figure 17 shows a set of actuators according to the invention, formed by three actuators joined in parallel.
    [0092]
    [0093] Figure 18 shows a set of actuators according to the invention, formed by four actuators in mixed union, that is, some in series and others in parallel.
    [0094]
    [0095] Figure 19 shows two conductors of rigid solid joined by an elastic conductor.
    [0096]
    [0097] Figure 20 shows two conductors of a rigid solid material joined by a liquid conductor.
    [0098]
    [0099] Figure 21 shows two conductors of a rigid solid material electrically connected by a conductive gas.
    [0100]
    [0101] Figure 22 shows two conductors of a rigid solid material electrically connected by a plasma.
    [0102] DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    [0103] The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in scope.
    [0104]
    [0105] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be explained. This consists of the following elements: an internal electric conductor (100), an actuator element (150) connected to the conductor, two external electrical connections (110a) , 110b), two electrical connections based on elastic or fluid solids (120a, 120b), two rings (130a, 130b) of permanent magnets in the Halbach cylinder configuration, a housing (160), a hole in the housing (170) and two pieces of a ferromagnetic material (180a, 180b).
    [0106]
    [0107] The electric current can flow in the two possible directions through the internal conductor and, by means of the magnetic field (190) produced by the magnets and amplified by the ferromagnetic material, transmits a force to the inner conductor and to the element attached to the conductor. The direction of the current will vary the direction of the force. The force has a direction perpendicular to the lines of the magnetic field and to the direction of the current according to the Lorentz force.
    [0108]
    [0109] As a preferred embodiment of the electrical connections based on elastic solids and / or fluids, a sealed container filled with a liquid metal at room temperature is chosen which electrically connects the internal conductor and the two external electrical connections. The function of the housing is to maintain the relative positions shown in Figures 1 and 2, except for the internal electrical conductor and the actuator element attached to said conductor.
    [0110]
    [0111] To produce the trajectory of the conductor contained in a straight line, an electric potential difference will be applied between its two external electrical connections, which will produce the intended movement.
    [0112]
    [0113] We will proceed to explain the embodiment of the modality represented in figures 3, 4 and 5. This consists of the following elements: two internal electric conductors (200a, 200b), two actuators (250a, 250b) attached to the conductors , four external electrical connections (210aa, 210ab, 210ba, 210bb), two electrical connections based on elastic or fluid solids (220aa, 220ab, 220ba, 220bb), two rings (230a, 230b) of permanent magnets in the Halbach cylinder configuration, one housing (260), two holes in the housing (270a and 270b) and two pieces of a ferromagnetic material (280a, 280b).
    [0114]
    [0115] The electric current can flow in the two possible directions through the internal conductors (200a, 200b) and, by means of the magnetic field (290) produced by the magnets and amplified by the ferromagnetic material (280a, 280b), it transmits a force to said internal conductors (200a, 200b) and to the actuating elements (250a, 250b) attached to these conductors (200a, 200b). The direction of the current will vary the direction of the force. The force has a direction perpendicular to the lines of the magnetic field (290) and to the direction of the current according to the Lorentz force.
    [0116]
    [0117] As a preferred embodiment of the electrical connections based on elastic solids and / or fluids, a sealed container filled with a liquid metal at room temperature is chosen that electrically connects the internal conductors (200a, 200b) and the external electrical connections (220aa, 220ab, 220ba). , 220bb).
    [0118]
    [0119] The function of the housing (260) is to maintain the relative positions shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, with the exception of the internal conductors (200a, 200b) and the actuator elements (250a, 250b) attached to said conductors.
    [0120]
    [0121] To make the trajectory of the conductors (200a, 200b) be contained in a straight line, an electric potential difference will be applied between the two external electrical connections of each conductor, which will produce the intended movement.
    [0122]
    [0123] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 will be explained. This consists of the following elements: an internal electric conductor (300), an actuator element (350) connected to said conductor, two electrical connections external (310a, 310b), two electrical connections based on elastic or fluid solids (320a, 320b), four rings (330aa, 330ab, 330ba, 330bb) of permanent magnets, a housing (360) and a hole in the housing (370) ).
    [0124]
    [0125] The electric current can flow in the two possible directions through the internal conductor (300) and, by means of the magnetic field (390) produced by the magnets, transmits a force to the internal conductor (300) and to the actuating element (350) attached to the driver (300). The direction of the current will vary the direction of the force. The force has a direction perpendicular to the lines of the magnetic field and to the direction of the current according to the Lorentz force.
    [0126]
    [0127] As a preferred embodiment of the electrical connections (320a, 320b) based on elastic solids and / or fluids, a sealed container filled with a liquid metal at room temperature is chosen which electrically connects the inner conductor (300) and the external electrical connections (310a, 310b).
    [0128]
    [0129] The function of the housing is to maintain the relative positions shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8, except for the internal conductor (300) and the actuator element (350) attached to said conductor.
    [0130]
    [0131] To produce the path of the conductor contained in a circumference, an electrical potential difference will be applied between its external electrical connections (310a, 310b) which will produce the intended movement.
    [0132]
    [0133] We will proceed to explain the embodiment of the modality represented in figures 9, 10 and 11. This consists of the following elements: an internal electric conductor (400), four actuators (450a, 450b, 450c, 450d) attached to said conductor, four external electrical connections (410a, 410b, 410c, 410d), four electrical connections based on elastic or fluid solids (420a, 420b, 420c, 420d), four rings (430aa, 430ab, 430ba, 430bb) of permanent magnets in Halbach cylinder configuration, one housing (460) and four holes in the housing (470a, 470b, 470c, 470d).
    [0134]
    [0135] The electric current can flow in the four possible directions through the internal electrical conductor (400) and, by means of the magnetic field (490) produced by the magnets, transmits a force to the internal conductor (400) and to the actuator elements (450a, 450b, 450c, 450d) attached to the driver. The direction of the current will vary the direction of the force. The force has a direction perpendicular to the lines of the magnetic field and to the direction of the current according to the Lorentz force.
    [0136]
    [0137] As a preferred embodiment of the electrical connections (420a, 420b, 420c, 420d) based on elastic solids and / or fluids a watertight container filled with a liquid metal at room temperature that electrically connects the internal conductor and external electrical connections.
    [0138]
    [0139] The function of the casing is to maintain the relative positions shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11, except for the internal electrical conductor (400) and the actuator elements (450a, 450b, 450c, 450d) attached to said conductor.
    [0140]
    [0141] To produce the path of the conductor contained in a plane, an electrical potential difference will be applied between its external electrical connections (410a, 410b, 410c, 410d) which will produce the intended movement.
    [0142]
    [0143] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 will be explained. This consists of the following elements: an internal conductor (500), an actuator element (550) connected to said conductor, six external electrical connections (510a) , 510b, 510c, 510d, 510e, 510f), six electrical connections based on elastic or fluid solids (520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, 520e, 520f), a ring (530) of permanent magnets in the Halbach cylinder configuration, a housing (560) and a hole in the housing (570).
    [0144]
    [0145] The electric current can flow in the eight possible directions through the internal conductor (500) and, by means of the magnetic field (590) produced by the magnets (530), transmits a force to the internal conductor (500) and to the actuating element ( 550) attached to the driver (500). The direction of the current will vary the direction of the force. The force has a direction perpendicular to the lines of the magnetic field and to the direction of the current according to the Lorentz force.
    [0146]
    [0147] As a preferred embodiment of the electrical connections (520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, 520e, 520e) based on elastic solids and / or fluids, a sealed container filled with a liquid metal at room temperature is chosen that electrically connects the internal conductor (500) and the external electrical connections (510a, 510b, 510c, 510d, 510e, 510f).
    [0148]
    [0149] The function of the housing is to maintain the relative positions shown in Figures 12 and 13, except for the internal electrical conductor (500) and the actuator element (550) attached to said conductor.
    [0150] To produce the conductor path contained in a volume, an electrical potential difference will be applied between its external electrical connections (510a, 510b, 510c, 510d, 510e, 510f) which will produce the intended movement.
    [0151]
    [0152] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 will be explained. In it, the actuators (600a, 600b) are connected to the housing of the other actuator (610a, 610b). As a preferred embodiment of the actuators chosen for the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the mode shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 has been chosen.
    [0153]
    [0154] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 will be explained. The element connected to the actuator is a diaphragm (710) that generates mechanical waves when the driver of the actuator moves. As a preferred embodiment of the actuators chosen for the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the mode represented in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 has been chosen.
    [0155]
    [0156] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 will be explained. In it, a set of electromechanical actuators (810a, 810b, 810c) electrically powered (830a, 830b, 830c, 830d, 830e, 830f) has its actuating elements. attached to the conductor (800a, 800b, 800c), which is also attached to another component at a point of its housing (820a, 820b).
    [0157]
    [0158] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17 will be explained. In it, a set of electromechanical actuators (910a, 910b, 910c) electrically powered (930a, 930b, 930c, 930d, 930e, 930f) shares one element ( 900) attached to the drivers of each one.
    [0159]
    [0160] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 will be explained. In it, a set of electromechanical actuators (1010a, 1010b, 1010c, 1010d) electrically powered (1030a, 1030b, 1030c, 1030d, 1030e, 1030f, 1030g, 1030h) are connected in series by means of an actuator element connected to the conductor (1000a, 1000b) and in parallel by some element (1000c) connected to the conductor of several conductors.
    [0161]
    [0162] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 19 will be explained. It shows an electrical connection comprising two conductive parts of a rigid solid material, joined by an elastic solid (1100).
    [0163] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 20 will be explained. It shows an electrical connection comprising two conductive parts of a rigid solid material, joined by a liquid conductor fluid (1200).
    [0164]
    [0165] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 21 will be explained. It shows an electrical connection comprising two conductive parts of a rigid solid material, electrically connected by means of a conductive fluid in the form of a gas (1300).
    [0166]
    [0167] The embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22 will be explained. It shows an electrical connection comprising two conductive parts of a rigid solid material, electrically connected by means of a conductive fluid in the form of plasma (1400).
    [0168]
    [0169] Industrial application
    [0170] Among the uses of the electromechanical actuator, derived from the movement that the conductor and the element attached to it to which it transmits its movement, are found, although not limited, the following:
    [0171]
    [0172] - Electrical switch of two or more positions making use of the variable position of the internal conductor and its conductive properties can be built directly an electric switch.
    [0173]
    [0174] -Valve, piston, piston or striker using the actuator in the configuration that allows a movement in a trajectory contained in a straight line.
    [0175]
    [0176] - Generator of mechanical or acoustic waves using as element attached to the conductor a diaphragm (710) as shown in figure 15.
    [0177]
    [0178] - Origin of the movement, of the change of the velocity field, blocking or passage of a fluid, either but not only, a gas or a liquid being the driver's movement the origin.
    [0179]
    [0180] - Mechanical coupling so that the component is part of a series of rigid links.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    1. Electromechanical actuator comprising:
    - magnetic means (130a, 130b, 230a, 230b, 330aa, 330ab, 330ba, 330bb, 430aa, 430ab, 430ba, 430bb, 530) which generate a magnetic field (190, 290, 390, 490, 590) and which are provided of magnetic polarities with a predetermined spatial arrangement;
    - at least one electrical conductor (100, 200a, 200b, 300, 400, 500), through which an electric current flows and which is arranged inside the magnetic field (190, 290, 390, 490, 590),
    - electrical connections (120a, 120b, 220aa, 220ab, 220ba, 220bb, 320a, 320b, 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, 520e, 520f) elastic or mobile, attached to at least one driver electric (100, 200a, 200b, 300, 400, 500); Y
    - at least one actuator element (150, 250a, 250b, 350, 450a, 450b, 450c, 450d, 550) connected to at least one electrical conductor (100, 200a, 200b, 300, 400, 500);
    characterized in that the magnetic means (130a, 130b, 230a, 230b, 330a, 330ab, 330ba, 330bb, 430aa, 430ab, 430ba, 430bb, 530) are permanent magnets which are arranged to form at least one Halbach matrix, at least one cylinder of Halbach, at least one Halbach sphere, at least one circumference with radially oriented magnetic polarities or a combination thereof.
    [2]
    2. An electromechanical actuator according to claim 1, comprising a cooling fluid, said cooling fluid being a gas, plasma or a liquid.
    [3]
    3. Electromechanical actuator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical connections (120a, 120b, 220aa, 220ab, 220ba, 220bb, 320a, 320b, 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, 520e, 520f) comprise conductive fluids, through which electric current flows.
    [4]
    4. Electromechanical actuator according to claim 3, wherein the conductive fluids are disposed inside a sealed compartment.
    [5]
    5. Electromechanical actuator according to any of claims 3 and 4, wherein the conductive fluids are liquid metals or liquid solutions (1200), gases (1300) or plasmas (1400).
    [6]
    The electromechanical actuator according to any of claims 1 and 2, wherein the electrical connections (120a, 120b, 220aa, 220ab, 220ba, 220bb, 320a, 320b, 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, 520e, 520f) comprise elastic solids (1100), through which electric current flows.
    [7]
    An electromechanical actuator according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a housing (160, 260, 360, 460, 560) provided with at least one opening (170, 270a, 270b, 370, 470a, 470b, 470c, 470d, 570) through which an actuator element (150, 250a, 250b, 350, 450a, 450b, 450c, 450d, 550) protrudes.
    [8]
    8. Electromechanical actuator according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising ferromagnetic parts (180a, 180b, 280a, 280b).
    [9]
    9. Electromechanical actuator according to any of the previous claims, in which the electric current is totally or partially produced by a thermal noise.
    [10]
    An electromechanical actuator according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the permanent magnets (130a, 130b, 230a, 230b, 330aa, 330ab, 330ba, 330bb, 430aa, 430ab, 430b, 430bb, 530) are arranged spatially forming circumferences of 360 degrees and in which the orientation of the magnetic field (190, 290, 390, 490, 590) of the magnets varies from 0 to 720 degrees.
    [11]
    11. Electromechanical actuator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the permanent magnets (130a, 130b, 230a, 230b, 330aa, 330ab, 330ba, 330bb, 430aa, 430ab, 430ba, 430bb, 530) are arranged spatially forming circumferences of 360 degrees and in which the orientation of the magnetic field (190, 290, 390, 490, 590) of the magnets varies from 0 to 360 degrees.
    [12]
    The electromechanical actuator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one actuator element (150, 250a, 250b, 350, 450a, 450b, 450c, 450d, 550) is attached to a diaphragm (710).
    [13]
    13. Set of electromechanical actuators, comprising two or more electromechanical actuators (600a, 600b, 810a, 810b, 810c, 910a, 910b, 910c, 1010a, 1010b, 1010c), according to any of claims 1 to 12.
    [14]
    14. The electromechanical actuator assembly according to claim 13, wherein the electromechanical actuators (600a, 600b, 810a, 810b, 810c, 910a, 910b, 910c, 1010a, 1010b, 1010c) are connected in series, in parallel, or Mixed form each other.
    [15]
    15. An electrical switch comprising an electromechanical actuator according to any of claims 1 to 11.
    [16]
    16. Valve, piston, piston or hammer comprising an electromechanical actuator, according to any of claims 1 to 11.
    [17]
    17. A mechanical or acoustic wave generator provided with at least one diaphragm (710) and comprising an electromechanical actuator, according to claim 12.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2696226B2|2019-07-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP1158547A2|2000-05-23|2001-11-28|Minebea Co., Ltd.|Electromagnetic actuator and composite electro-magnetic actuator apparatus|
    GB2448191A|2007-04-05|2008-10-08|Imra Europe Sas|A linear actuator using a Halbach array of magnets|
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